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Communities of small terrestrial mammals in the surroundings of Vltava river
ŠPILAUER, Tomáš
The bachelor thesis is dealing with the influence of watercourse on the biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in landscape near river Vltava in South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about diversity, ecotones, biocorridors, watercourses and about ecology of small terrestrial mammals. The aim of the practical part is to compare biodiversity, abundance of small mammals and compare impact of watercourses on small mammals. During 2021 vegetation sesion the CMR method with ear tags was used. During three-days long captures were laid 25 traps in 5 metres distances in each of the three studied biotope lines (Forest, Meadow, Shore). In total 136 individuals of small mammals were captured. The species, sex, weight, foot lenght and age of captured mammals were determined. Two species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Myodes glareolus, Apodemus sylvaticus). In total of all 136 individuals were captured: 51 individuals of Myodes glareolus and 75 individuals of Apodemus sylvaticus. Significant difference in quantity was in the line Forest where were captured 23 Myodes glareolus and 45 Apodemus sylvaticus. In the line Forest were captured 68 individuals in total and the same number was captured in the line Shore (also 68 individuals). In the Meadow line no individual was captured.
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The influence of management on biodiversity of vertebrates model groups - small mammals
KOUTNÍKOVÁ, Lenka
This bachelor{\crq}s work: The influence of management on biodiversity of vertebrates model groups {--} small mammals, creates a part of a large study focused on an assessment of influence of different agricultural management on ecological functions and water fluxes in the landscape of spring water areas in Bohemian forest. The bachelor{\crq}s work is based on a hypothesis that management influences among others also biodiversity of the locality. Small terrestrial mammals are one of the vertebrate groups, which diversity is a good indicator for momentary quality of environment. It is given by their good reproduction capacity and ability of invasion. The aim of this work is to compare the small mammals{\crq} biodiversity of three small catchments with different management. The theoretical part contains literary review of the small mammals{\crq} occurrence in Bohemian forest, their microhabitat preferences and the influence of management on their communities diversity. In the practical part, data from three live-trappings realized during the summer and autumn 2007 were evaluated. The greatest diversity and abundance of small mammals were recorded in the forested catchment of Bukový potok. By contrast, we captured no individual of small mammal in the drained Mlýnský potok catchment, which is used as a pasture. The theme was supported by a project MSM 6007665806.
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Linear landscape elements and biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in agriculture landscape
MARŠÁLEK, Martin
Annotation The thesis deals with an influence of linear landscape elements and landscape heterogeneity on a biodiversity and population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals (STM) in an agricultural landscape of South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about landscape, historical analysis of landscape structures development in the area of interest and summarizes existing knowledge about the ecology of present STM species. The aim of the practical part is to compare small mammals' biodiversity in three biotopes using capture-release-recapture method. The thesis follows my bachelor thesis and uses the same methods as in 2013. Data obtained in 2013 and 2015 were evaluated and the results were compared. In both years three three-days long captures were performed, always with 30 traps in 5 meters distance in every biotope. The species, sex, weight, foot length and age of captured animals were determined. In 2013, 60 individuals of three species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus and Microtus arvalis). In 2015, 444 individuals of four species were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus arvalis and Apodemus flavicollis). The total numbers of STM significantly differ between 2013 and 2015 (Wilcoxon's pair test, Z = 2,66; p = 0,008). The biotopes differ significantly in animal abundance in both 2013 (Chi-Square 114,1; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001) and 2015 (Chi-Square 346,96; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001). The highest species diversity and abundance were always found in linear landscape element (alley).
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Metallothioneins at Small Terrestrial Mammals as Bioindicator of Environmental Pollution
Křivská, D. ; Šestáková, Ivana
Animals living in the contaminated areas are exposed to elevated concentrations of risk elements. Příbramsko is one of most contaminated sites in Czech Republic. This area is loaded with sources of geological and metallurgical industry influence resulting in extremely high Pb, Cd, and Zn contents in soil. We analyzed eighteen subjects trapped on selected locations, belonging to the species Apodemus sylvaticus and Microtus arvalis. By differential pulse voltammetry and modified Brdička reaction, concentrations of metallothionein (MT) in their livers were measured. The influence of field sample treatment on resulting voltammetric record has been demonstrated. Differences of MT concentrations were found between species and among places of trapping.
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Determination of Metallothioneins in the Liver of Small Terrestrial Mammals, Living at Hazardous Element Contaminated Sites
Křivská, D. ; Šestáková, Ivana
Animals living in the contaminated areas are exposed to elevated concentrations of risk elements. Pfibramsko is one of most contaminated sites in Czech Republic. This area is loaded with sources of geological and metallurgical industry influence resulting in extremely high Pb, Cd, and Zn contents in soil. We analyzed eighteen subjects trapped on selected locations around Kovohute Pribram, belonging to the species Apodemus sylvaticus and Microtus arvalis. By differential pulse voltammetry and modified Brdicka reaction were measured concentrations metallothionein (MT) in their livers. Differences of concentrations between measured MT contents were found between species and among places of trapping.
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The impact of landscape elements on biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals
MARŠÁLEK, Martin
The bachelor thesis is dealing with the influence of linear landscape elements on the biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in an agricultural landscape of South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about biodiversity in agroecosystems, ecotones, landscape elements and about ecology of small rodents and insectivores. The aim of the practical part is to compare small mammals' biodiversity in a linear landscape element, on its edge and in surrounding agriculture area. During 2013 vegetation season three three-days long captures were accomplished, CMR method with ears tags was used. In each of three studied biotope a line with 30 traps in 5 metres distances was laid. The species, sex, weight, foot length and age of captured animals were determined. In total, 36 individuals of three species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus and Microtus arvalis). The biotopes differ significantly in animal abundance (Chi-Square 66,167; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001). The highest species diversity and abundance were found in linear element, where 35 individuals and all the species were captured. In ecotonal zone only one individual was found and there was no individual captured at agricultural meadow.
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Biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals on meadows with different management and water regime in Třeboňsko area
KOMENDOVÁ, Barbora
The thesis builds on previous work comparing biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals at four localities with different management. The thesis significantly extends the previous work. The theoretical part consists of a literature search on the issue of the occurrence of small mammals in an area around the town Třeboň, their microhabitat preferences and the impact of farming on biodiversity of their communities. The practical part describes the species composition of small terrestrial mammals? communities and changes of their abundance and biomass during the three growing seasons, depending on the climatic characteristics of the locality. It includes evaluation of the results of the regular catches in traps (CMR method), which were realized from June to September between 2009 and 2011 (three catches once a year) at four sites with different management: Mokré louky - non mowed, Mokré louky - mowed, Cirkvičný meadow and a pasture (meadow) Jeţek. A total there were 553 individuals of small terrestrial mammals caught and we noted nine species: Microtus arvalis, Microtus. agrestis, Micromys minutus, Apodemus sylvaticus, Sorex araneus, Sorex minutus, Neomys anomalus, Neomys fodiens, Crocidura suaveolens and Apodemus sylvaticus. Various characters of biotopes provide differently suitable conditions for the establishment of populations according to their habitat requirements. The predominant species in Mokré louky mowed and non-mowed was Microtus agrestis and in the Cirkvičný meadow and Jeţek it was Microtus arvalis. The highest abundance and diversity were recorded in Mokré louky mowed and non-mowed. The highest biomass was recorded in 2009 and 2010 in summer, when temperatures were highest. In 2011, there was the highest biomass in the spring, probably because the previous winter was very warm. The highest Simpson's index of species diversity was in Mokré louky mowed in 2010. The relative abundance was highest of Microtus agrestis, Apodemus sylvaticus and Sorex araneus, alternately in Mokré louky mowed and non-mowed. Microtus arvalis had the highest abundance for all three years in the Cirkvičný meadow. The probability of capture during capture was always increasing, reaching 100%, as in the Microtus arvalis, Microtus agrestis, as well Apodemus sylvaticus. The highest probability of re-capture was at Apodemus sylvaticus, where 33% of the second day and 43% of the third day. The results presented in the thesis contributed to the project NPV 2B06023 MŠMT.
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Small terrestrial mammals along natural and anthropogenic landscape barriers
BOHDAL, Tomáš
The dissertation summarises the result of the study of small terrestrial mammals (Eulipotyphla, Rodentia) along natural (watercourses) and anthropogenic (road, highway) landscape barriers. It points to an interesting phenomenon of road drainage ditches as a transitional migration environment, further it assesses the level of locomotion activity, the rate of structure of subpopulations and the frequency of crossing watercourses in the case of selected rodent species. It contributes with its results to solving problems concerning the effect of these landscape structures on the species diversity, ground mobility or genetic structure of small terrestrial mammals. ˙˙˙˙
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Biodiversity and population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals on various types of restoration in the area of Velká podkrušnohorská spoil heap.
CHARVÁTOVÁ, Pavla
The aim of my thesis was to describe the biodiversity and try to outline the population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals on the Great podkrušnohorská spoil heap. We captured small mammals six times during the 2009 and 2010 seasons. We used the standard capture-mark-release method (CMR) with live traps in quadrates at five sites with different restoration type- wetland, forestry (alderwood and pinewood), agricultural and controlled succession. The observed data were processed in Microsoft Office Excel and by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) in Canoco for Windows. In 2009 a total of 67 individuals of five small mammals´species were captured: Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus arvalis, M. agrestis, Myodes glareolus and Sorex araneus. The highest biodiversity (3 species) was recorded in wetland restoration. The highest abundance (20 individuals) was recorded in alderwood forestry restoration. In 2010 258 individuals of 7 species were captured: Apodemus flavicollis, A. sylvaticus, Microtus arvalis, M. agrestis, Myodes glareolus, S. araneus and Micromys minutus. As in 2009 the highest abundance was recorded in alderwood forestry restoration(60 individuals) and the highest biodiversity (7 species) was recorded in wetland restoration.
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The influence of landscape management on biodiversity of small mammals - the model area of Lužnice fluvial plain.
KOMENDOVÁ, Barbora
The work is focused on the biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals at selected meadows with diverse water regime and management. The capture of small terrestrial mammals using live traps proceeded during three periods from June to October for three days at four sites in the Trebon region, where also some meteorological variables (temperature, humidity) had been measured throughout the vegetative season. The weight, age and sex of the captured individuals were recorded . Then the individuals were marked by ear tags and released. Two sites are located in Mokré Louky area near the town Trebon. The locality Mokré louky - not mowed, is not agriculturally exploited and is flooded regularly. The locality Mokré louky {--} mowed, which is nearby, is agriculturally maintained. The third locality is Církvičný meadows, which have a drainage system, are regularly fertilized, and mulched. Boundary pastures Jeţek is the last site. They are alternately grazed and mowed. Overall, 83 individuals of five species of small terrestrial mammals were captured Microtus arvalis, M. agrestis, Micromys minutus, Apodemus sylvaticus and Sorex araneus. 62 individuals of the total number were marked and released . The highest number of species and number of specimens was found out in the site Mokré louky mowed, fewer individuals and species were captured on the meadows Církvičný. Only one species (Microtus arvalis) was captured in the pasture Jeţek. The results of the first vegetative season show on raising biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals with higher soil moisture sites. The captures will proceed next year and the dependence of biodiversity on the measured meteorological variables will be monitored.
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